答：近些年来，国内的真空技术获得快速发展，已变为一门单独的基础学科。很多行业的飞速发展如航宇科学合理、真空表层的镀膜、真空冶炼厂、等离子体物理、可控热核反应、表层科学研究等**科学都和真空技术性的进度拥有同时的甚至是相互依存的关联。真空用油做为各种机械设备真空泵专用型润滑脂，在真空泵内肩负着润化、密封性、降温等的作用。尽管机械设备真空泵拥有不一样的种类，但油品务必具备合适的粘度、优良的油水分离器性、优质的热安定性和氧化安定性、尽量低饱和蒸气压，由于油品品质直接关系真空机器设备很有可能做到的限制工作压力、抽真空速度、背压式和返油率等。近些年，伴随着真空技术发展，机械设备真空泵向快速高效率、低噪声、微型化发展趋势。泵腔内摩擦副表层角速度扩大，油温高，因此机械设备真空泵油趋于低粘度化，标准在泵操作温度下维持较低饱和蒸汽压。依据油品使用情况下的运行状态，真空用油可分成机械设备真空用油、蒸气喷射泵油、真空机械设备用润滑油和真空密封油等。

　　因为罗茨泵需求真空度很高，一般用石腊基窄减压渣油润滑油，针对罗茨真空泵，还可以应用蒸气压很低甲基硅油或别的合成润滑油。罗茨真空泵腔具体内容积随时变化而生成排气管功效，这需求罗茨真空泵润滑油应具备适合自己的黏度和粘温特点。

　　罗茨真空泵持续向高速运行发展趋势，因为转子和泵壳的快速磨擦使油温高，成品油非常容易空气氧化，特别是在罗茨增压水泵通常处在很高的环境温度自然环境下工作中，使系统软件内蒸气压上升，真空度减少，因而需求罗茨泵润滑油具备优良的热氧化安定性。

　　真空泵油粘度是充分发挥真空泵特性的关键因素之一，液态的粘度是液态流动阻力，或者是是溶液的内滑动摩擦力，因而粘度越多，各种运动构件受到的阻碍就越大;但粘度过小，泵的密封性特性下降，造成气体泄漏，真空变劣。因而，各种真空泵对油品粘度的挑选极其重要。

　　1.泵油品粘度挑选标准

　　(1)泵的转速比越大，泵的电机转子健身运动角速度越多，挑选油品的粘度越低;

　　(2)泵组件的加工精度越精或磨擦件中间的空隙越小，挑选油品的粘度越低;

　　(3)真空泵在持续高温工作状况使用中，挑选油品的粘度以大幅宜;

　　(4)有冷却循环水循环系统的真空泵，一般选用粘度较低油品;

　　(5)冬季与夏季常用真空泵油，应相距一个粘度级别。

　　2.各种真空泵用油粘度范畴的挑选

　　根据上述标准，真空泵用油粘度范畴的选用强烈推荐如下所示：

　　(1)活塞机真空泵(W型)一般选用HVI100、HVI150中性化油就可以。

　　(2)旋内置式真空泵(2X型)选用V68、V100粘度级别油品。

　　(3)直连(快速)旋内置式真空泵(2XZ型)选用V46、V68粘度级别油品。

　　(4)旋片泵式真空泵(H型)选用V68、V100粘度级别油品。

　　(5)余旋轮线真空泵(YZ、YZR型)选用V100、V150粘度级别油品。

　　(6)罗次真空泵(机械设备增压水泵)传动齿轮系统软件的润化，可选用V32、V46粘度级别真空泵油品。

　　(7)其他类型的真空泵，可依据其转速比、加工精度、极限值真空等，选用相对应的油品。

　　此外,务必到靠谱生产厂家购买油品，因某些生产商在生产制造真空泵油时，不经过水蒸气蒸馏激光切割，立即应用基础油价格，加上一般抗氧化剂后，做为商品销售，其伤害取决于：

　　(1)该商品在一定程度上尽管还可以做为真空泵油应用，但应用情况下，会大大的增加抽真空时长;

　　(2)一般抗氧化剂在高温天气中非常容易氧化分解，形成酸性物质，造成臭味，环境污染,与此同时,油品也非常容易空气氧化质变，应用周期时间减少;

　　(3)极限值气体压强和饱和蒸气压达不上产品质量标准，危害真空泵的极限值真空度。

　　机械设备真空泵油是通过深层特制、真空除气或分子蒸馏、没有质轻成分的商品，在使用时务必留意以下事情：

　　(1)油品的储放。装油的器皿务必清理整洁，禁止在太阳底下曝晒和室外储放，要储放在昏暗、干躁和气温较低场地，坚决杜绝水份和机械设备残渣灰尘渗入。

　　(2)取油或装油时，密封盖周边的灰尘务必除掉，避免杂质渗入油中，造成泵磨擦。

　　(3)不一样型号、种类及其新老真空泵油不可混合使用。

　　(4)真空泵油严苛防止和别的石油产品混和，尤其是质轻油品，不然将危害泵的真空特性。

　　(5)真空泵尽量减少抽除**溶剂、水蒸汽和有腐蚀汽体等，当一定抽除这种汽体时，需采用必需的防范措施，还需要勤查验、勤换机油，尤其当油品乳状液或溶解到危害泵的密封性特性时，务必获得新油。

　　(6)换机油时需要将旧油排清，将新油从泵的呼吸口倒进，并且用手缓慢地旋转泵轴，清理泵腔并列尽动植物油，再反复高压清洗泵腔多次，随后将泵体里的动植物油清洗，装进新油。

　　(7)泵维修时一定用**溶剂或清洁剂将泵的各构件清洗干净，并把构件烘干处理。拼装时各构件务必预浸一个新的真空泵油后能够组成，拼装结束完用新油再清洗一次，随后装进新油。

　　(8)给油用品必须是专业设备，不可以是盛过别的油品或溶液的罐体。

　　(9)针对处在强腐蚀性氛围或清静度需求极强的真空泵，依据机器设备规定可选用合氟甲基丙烯酸酯油。

　　罗茨真空泵吸进的假如是腐蚀汽体，会与油产生化学变化，浸蚀泵内零件。吸进空气中通常带有水蒸气凝结水，造成罗茨真空泵润滑油的乳状液并使电化学腐蚀，因此需要具备优良的耐腐蚀和抗破乳性。如果您也有疑惑，可以联系我们的在线客服咨询。

　　A: in recent years, domestic vacuum technology has developed rapidly and has become a separate basic discipline. The rapid development of many industries, such as aerospace science and rationality, vacuum surface coating, vacuum smelter, plasma physics, controllable thermonuclear reaction, surface science research and other cutting-edge Sciences, has a simultaneous or even interdependent relationship with the progress of vacuum technology. Vacuum oil, as a special grease for vacuum pumps of various mechanical equipment, plays the role of lubrication, sealing and cooling in the vacuum pump. Although mechanical equipment vacuum pumps have different types, oil products must have appropriate viscosity, excellent oil-water separability, high-quality thermal stability and oxidation stability, and try to lower the saturated vapor pressure. Because the quality of oil products is directly related to the limiting working pressure, vacuum pumping speed, back pressure type and oil return rate that vacuum machinery and equipment are likely to do. In recent years, with the development of vacuum technology, mechanical equipment vacuum pump is developing towards fast, high efficiency, low noise and miniaturization. The surface angular velocity of the friction pair in the pump cavity is expanded, and the oil temperature is high, so the vacuum pump oil of mechanical equipment tends to be low viscosity, and the standard is to maintain a low saturated vapor pressure at the pump operating temperature. According to the operating state of oil products, vacuum oil can be divided into vacuum oil for mechanical equipment, steam jet pump oil, lubricating oil for vacuum mechanical equipment and vacuum sealing oil.

　　Because Roots pumps require a high degree of vacuum, they usually use Shi lachi narrow vacuum residue lubricant. For Roots vacuum pumps, methyl silicone oil with very low vapor pressure or other synthetic lubricants can also be used. The specific internal volume of Roots vacuum pump chamber changes at any time to generate exhaust pipe effect, which requires that roots vacuum pump lubricating oil should have its own viscosity and viscosity temperature characteristics.

　　Roots vacuum pump continues to develop towards high-speed operation, because the rapid friction between the rotor and the pump shell makes the oil temperature high, and the product oil is very easy to be oxidized by air, especially in the natural environment where roots booster pump is usually at high ambient temperature, which increases the vapor pressure in the system software and reduces the vacuum degree. Therefore, roots pump lubricating oil is required to have excellent thermal oxidation stability.

　　The viscosity of vacuum pump oil is one of the key factors to give full play to the characteristics of vacuum pump. The viscosity of liquid is the liquid flow resistance, or the internal sliding friction of solution. Therefore, the more viscosity, the greater the obstruction of various moving components; However, if the viscosity is too small, the sealing characteristics of the pump will decline, causing gas leakage and vacuum deterioration. Therefore, various vacuum pumps are extremely important for the selection of oil viscosity.

　　1. Selection standard of pump oil viscosity

　　(1) The higher the speed ratio of the pump, the more the angular speed of the motor rotor of the pump, and the lower the viscosity of the selected oil;

　　(2) The more precise the processing accuracy of the pump components or the smaller the gap between the friction parts, the lower the viscosity of the selected oil;

　　(3) When the vacuum pump is used under continuous high-temperature working conditions, the viscosity of the oil should be selected to be large;

　　(4) Vacuum pumps with cooling circulating water circulation system generally use oil with low viscosity;

　　(5) Vacuum pump oil commonly used in winter and summer should be separated by a viscosity level.

　　2. Selection of viscosity categories of various vacuum pump oils

　　According to the above standards, the selection of oil viscosity for vacuum pump is strongly recommended as follows:

　　(1) Generally, hvi100 and hvi150 neutralized oil are used for piston machine vacuum pump (W type).

　　(2) The built-in vacuum pump (2x type) adopts v68 and V100 viscosity grade oil.

　　(3) V46 and v68 viscosity grade oil products are selected for direct (fast) rotary built-in vacuum pump (2XZ type).

　　(4) The vane pump vacuum pump (H type) adopts v68 and V100 viscosity grade oil.

　　(5) V100 and V150 viscosity grade oil products are selected for the vacuum pumps of the co rotating wheel line (YZ and YZR types).

　　(6) For the lubrication of the transmission gear system software of the Luoci vacuum pump (booster pump of mechanical equipment), V32 and v46 viscosity vacuum pump oil can be selected.

　　(7) For other types of vacuum pumps, the corresponding oil products can be selected according to their speed ratio, processing accuracy, limit value vacuum, etc.

　　In addition, be sure to buy oil from reliable manufacturers, because some manufacturers do not undergo steam distillation and laser cutting when producing vacuum pump oil, and immediately apply the price of base oil, plus general antioxidants, as a commodity for sale, the damage depends on:

　　(1) Although this product can also be used as vacuum pump oil to a certain extent, it will greatly increase the vacuum pumping time under application conditions;

　　(2) Generally, antioxidants are very easy to oxidize and decompose in high temperature weather, forming acidic substances, causing odor and environmental pollution. At the same time, oil products are also very easy to oxidize and change in quality, reducing the application cycle time;

　　(3) The limit value gas pressure and saturated vapor pressure cannot meet the product quality standard, endangering the limit value vacuum degree of the vacuum pump.

　　Vacuum pump oil of mechanical equipment is a commodity without light components through deep special, vacuum degassing or molecular distillation. Please pay attention to the following things when using it:

　　(1) Storage of oil products. The containers containing oil must be cleaned and tidy. It is forbidden to expose them to the sun and store them outdoors. They should be stored in dark, dry and low temperature places, and resolutely put an end to the infiltration of moisture and mechanical equipment residues and dust.

　　(2) When taking or loading oil, the dust around the sealing cover must be removed to prevent impurities from penetrating into the oil and causing pump friction.

　　(3) Different models, types and new and old vacuum pump oils cannot be mixed.

　　(4) Vacuum pump oil is strictly prevented from mixing with other petroleum products, especially light oil products, otherwise it will endanger the vacuum characteristics of the pump.

　　(5) The vacuum pump shall try to reduce the pumping of organic solvents, water vapor and corrosive vapor. When such vapor must be pumped out, necessary preventive measures shall be taken, and the oil shall be checked and changed frequently, especially when the oil emulsion is dissolved or endangers the sealing characteristics of the pump, new oil must be obtained.

　　(6) When changing the engine oil, it is necessary to drain the old oil, pour the new oil into the breathing port of the pump, slowly rotate the pump shaft by hand, clean the pump cavity and drain the animal and vegetable oil, and then repeatedly clean the pump cavity with high pressure for many times, and then clean the animal and vegetable oil in the pump body and fill it with new oil.

　　(7) When repairing the pump, be sure to clean all components of the pump with organic solvent or detergent, and dry the components. During assembly, all components must be pre soaked with a new vacuum pump oil to form. After assembly, clean them with new oil again, and then install new oil.

　　(8) The oil supplies must be professional equipment, and cannot be tanks that contain other oil products or solutions.

　　(9) For vacuum pumps in strong corrosive atmosphere or with strong demand for cleanliness, fluoromethacrylate oil can be selected according to the regulations of machinery and equipment.

　　If the corrosive vapor sucked by roots vacuum pump will produce chemical changes with oil and erode the parts in the pump. There is usually water vapor condensate in the air, which causes the emulsion of Roots vacuum pump lubricating oil and electrochemical corrosion. Therefore, it is necessary to have excellent corrosion resistance and demulsification resistance. If you also have doubts, you can contact our online customer service consultation.