闲来无事，今天我们一起来聊一聊**肥是什么!**肥的前身俗称农家肥，是70、80年代人记忆中常用的一种农业生产肥料!是我国传统农业中常用的肥料!而与弄加肥又有不同的是，**肥腐熟，虫卵死亡率达到95%以上。在其成分包括以各种动物、植物残体或代谢物组成，如人畜粪便、秸秆、动物残体、屠宰场废弃物等。另外还包括饼肥(菜籽饼、棉籽饼、豆饼、芝麻饼、蓖麻饼、茶籽饼等);堆肥;沤肥;厩肥;沼肥;绿肥等。主要是以供应**物质为手段，借此来改善土壤理化性能，促进植物生长及土壤生态系统的循环。

　　**肥主要来源于植物和(或)动物，施于土壤以提供植物营养为其主要功能的含碳物料。经生物物质、动植物废弃物、植物残体加工而来，消除了其中的有毒有害物质，富含大量有益物质，包括：多种**酸、肽类以及包括氮、磷、钾在内的丰富的营养元素。不仅能为农作物提供全面营养，而且肥效长，可增加和更新土壤**质，促进微生物繁殖，改善土壤的理化性质和生物活性，是绿色食品生产的主要养分。

　　2021年6月份，我国发布实施了《**肥料》标准，这预示着国家将会打理推广**肥来替代化肥!因此，在未来一段时间中，**肥生产企业将会迎来迸发前进的机会!

　　**肥是好氧发酵，需要氧气的参与!

　　未发酵粪便，施入土壤中会发酵，产生热量、有害气体，有烂种子、烧根、烧苗现象，而且发酵时间长，产生肥害反而影响农作物生长，没有发酵腐熟的农家**肥，施入土壤病虫害较多，动物粪便里、农作物秸秆、下脚料里含有病菌、虫卵、病毒，如果直接施入土壤，会在土壤中漫延、滋生、孵化，危害农作物生长，爆发病虫害疫情。

　　在**肥发酵过程中，需要大量的氧气参与。因此，**肥生产企业需要一些具有强制输送气体的设备，将氧气注入发酵池中。因此，很多**肥厂家需要选购一台或多台中大型罗茨鼓风机!瑞柘环保作为罗茨鼓风机的生产厂家，曾多次为**肥生产企业提供了罗茨鼓风机!我们拥有一个专业的罗茨风机售后安装维修服务团队!竭诚欢迎您致电询问罗茨风机的价格、保养、维修!

　　**肥发酵原理

　　腐熟的动物粪**肥一般需要两个阶段，即**次高温堆肥腐熟发酵阶段和第二次陈化阶段。不稳定的**物通过腐熟过程，通过微生物作用下，转化成稳定的腐殖质。其温度变化可以界定是否腐熟。

　　第二阶段：温度初见减少，氧气吸收率减少，臭味消失。相对于**次堆肥腐熟来说，不能没有第二次堆肥，因为二次堆肥可以降解难降解的**物，嗜温微生物菌落重新建立，从而有助于**肥腐熟、减少植物毒性物质和抑制病原菌。

　　**阶段：通过配比原料基质，肥堆高氧吸收，产生高温，可降解挥发性固体大量减少，臭味逐渐减少，肥堆颜色逐渐变化，需保持良好的曝气和水分控制。

　　温度升高阶段：**肥腐熟温度上升到45℃，主要以放线菌、菌和细菌为主，主要分解糖类和淀粉。甚至有源生物动物和动物参与。高温阶段：腐熟温度达到45℃以上，嗜温微生物被抑制，嗜热主导。可溶解的**物继续被氧化分解，复杂的**物(纤维素、半纤维素、蛋白质、木质素)也开始被分解。50℃左右(嗜热菌和放线菌);60℃左右(嗜热细菌和放线菌);70℃左右(大多微生物已经不能适应)。腐熟温度为55℃，这是因为大多微生物在该温度活跃，易分解**物，病菌、虫卵、杂草种子大多数会被杀死。降温阶段：嗜温微生物又开始大量繁殖，占据优势，对残余难分解的**物作进一步分解。此时微生物活性下降，堆肥腐熟需氧量减少，温度下降，肥堆逐渐趋于稳定。

　　**肥发酵方法

　　厌氧发酵：在缺氧或无氧条件下,主要利用厌氧微生物进行的堆肥化过程。产物除腐殖质类**物、二氧化碳和甲烷外，还有氨、硫化氢和其他**酸等还原性物质。工艺简单、不需进行通风,但反应速率缓慢，堆肥化周期较长。

　　好氧发酵：在人工控制和一定碳氮比例(C/N)、水分、温度和通风的情况下，通过微生物将**质转化为稳定的腐殖质的过程，这类堆肥无臭无蝇，反而有淡淡的泥土味。

　　**肥发酵工艺

　　静态条垛堆肥：无需翻堆，能够确保堆体有效的达到高温和病原菌体灭活，缩短堆肥周期。

　　动态条垛堆肥：通过人工或机械定期翻堆，来确保堆体好氧状态。

　　反应器堆肥：在一个容器或几个容器进行，能够有效的控制温度，水分，从而监控堆肥发酵程度。

　　**肥的优点

　　与化肥相比，**肥营养元素要更齐全一些，市面上常见的**肥往往是一种或几种元素组成的!**肥的使用可以解决土壤板结、提高植物的抗病虫能力，减少病虫害的发生!提高化肥成分的吸收率!同时，**农作物的收获量与品质!

　　因此，相信未来很大一段时间会是**肥厂家发展的黄金时期!希望各位**肥生产企业老板可以抓住时机，扩大生产规模，提供产品质量!为我们中国的高效现代化农业发展贡献一份力量!

　　Nothing to do. Today, let's talk about what organic fertilizer is! The predecessor of organic fertilizer, commonly known as farmyard manure, is a kind of agricultural production fertilizer commonly used in the memory of people in the 1970s and 1980s! It is a fertilizer commonly used in traditional agriculture in China! But different from adding fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is completely decomposed, and the mortality rate of insect eggs reaches more than 95%. Its components include various animal and plant residues or metabolites, such as human and animal feces, straw, animal residues, slaughterhouse waste, etc. In addition, it also includes cake fertilizer (rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, bean cake, sesame cake, castor cake, tea seed cake, etc.); Composting; waterlogged compost; barnyard manure; Biogas fertilizer; Green manure, etc. It mainly uses the supply of organic matter as a means to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, promote plant growth and the circulation of soil ecosystem.

　　Organic fertilizer mainly comes from plants and / or animals. It is a carbonaceous material applied to the soil to provide plant nutrition as its main function. It is processed from biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, which eliminates toxic and harmful substances, and is rich in a large number of beneficial substances, including a variety of organic acids, peptides and rich nutritional elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It can not only provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer efficiency. It can increase and renew soil organic matter, promote microbial reproduction, and improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activities of soil. It is the main nutrient in the production of green food.

　　In June 2021, China issued and implemented the standard of organic fertilizer, which indicates that the country will take care of and promote organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer! Therefore, in the coming period of time, organic fertilizer production enterprises will usher in opportunities to advance!

　　Organic fertilizer is aerobic fermentation, which requires the participation of oxygen!

　　Unfermented feces, when applied to the soil, will ferment, produce heat, harmful gases, rotten seeds, roots and seedlings, and the fermentation time is long, which will produce fertilizer damage but affect the growth of crops. There is no fermented and rotten farmyard organic fertilizer, and there are many pests and diseases in the soil. There are germs, insect eggs and viruses in animal feces, crop straw and waste materials. If directly applied to the soil, they will spread, breed and hatch in the soil, Endanger the growth of crops and outbreak of diseases and pests.

　　In the process of organic fertilizer fermentation, a lot of oxygen is needed. Therefore, organic fertilizer production enterprises need some equipment with forced gas delivery to inject oxygen into the fermentation tank. Therefore, many organic fertilizer manufacturers need to choose one or more medium and large roots blowers! As the manufacturer of Roots blower, Ruizhe environmental protection has provided roots blower for organic fertilizer manufacturers for many times! We have a professional roots blower after-sales installation and maintenance service team! We sincerely welcome you to call us to inquire about the price, maintenance and repair of Roots blower!

　　Principle of organic fertilizer fermentation

　　Decomposed animal manure generally requires two stages, namely, the first high-temperature composting maturity fermentation stage and the second aging stage. Unstable organic matter is transformed into stable humus through the process of decomposition and under the action of microorganisms. Its temperature change can define whether it is decomposed.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation

　　The second stage: the temperature decreases for the first time, the oxygen absorption rate decreases, and the odor disappears completely. Compared with the first composting, the second composting cannot be avoided, because the second composting can degrade the refractory organic matter and rebuild the thermophilic microbial colony, which is conducive to the maturity of organic fertilizer, reduce plant toxic substances and inhibit pathogenic bacteria.

　　The first stage: through proportioning the raw material matrix, the fertilizer pile can absorb high oxygen, produce high temperature, greatly reduce the degradable volatile solids, gradually reduce the odor, and gradually change the color of the fertilizer pile. It is necessary to maintain good aeration and water control.

　　Temperature rise stage: the decomposition temperature of organic fertilizer rises to 45 ℃, mainly actinomycetes, fungi and bacteria, mainly decomposing sugars and starch. Even active biological animals and animals participate. High temperature stage: when the decomposition temperature reaches above 45 ℃, thermophilic microorganisms are inhibited and thermophilic dominant. Soluble organics continue to be oxidized and decomposed, and complex organics (cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, lignin) also begin to be decomposed. About 50 ℃ (thermophilic fungi and actinomycetes); About 60 ℃ (thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes); About 70 ℃ (most microorganisms can't adapt). The best ripening temperature is 55 ℃, because most microorganisms are the most active at this temperature, which is the easiest to decompose organic matter, and most bacteria, insect eggs, and weed seeds will be killed. Temperature reduction stage: thermophilic microorganisms began to proliferate in large numbers and occupy the advantage to further decompose the residual organic matter that is difficult to decompose. At this time, the microbial activity decreases, the oxygen demand of compost decomposition decreases, the temperature decreases, and the compost gradually tends to be stable.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation method

　　Anaerobic fermentation: under anoxic or anaerobic conditions, the composting process mainly uses anaerobic microorganisms. In addition to humus organic matter, carbon dioxide and methane, the final products also include ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other organic acids. The process is simple without ventilation, but the reaction rate is slow and the composting cycle is long.

　　Aerobic fermentation: under the condition of manual control and a certain carbon / nitrogen ratio (c/n), moisture, temperature and ventilation, the process of transforming organic matter into stable humus by microorganisms. This kind of compost has no odor and flies, but a faint earthy smell.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation process

　　Static strip composting: without turning the pile, it can ensure that the pile can effectively reach high temperature and inactivate pathogenic bacteria, and shorten the composting cycle.

　　Dynamic strip composting: regularly turn the pile manually or mechanically to ensure the aerobic state of the pile.

　　Reactor composting: it is carried out in one container or several containers, which can effectively control the temperature and moisture, so as to monitor the fermentation degree of composting.

　　Advantages of organic fertilizer

　　Compared with chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer has more complete nutritional elements. The common organic fertilizer on the market is often composed of one or several elements! The use of organic fertilizer can solve soil hardening, improve plant disease and insect resistance, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests! Improve the absorption rate of chemical fertilizer ingredients! At the same time, improve the harvest and quality of crops!

　　Therefore, I believe that the future will be a golden period for the development of organic fertilizer manufacturers for a long time! I hope that the owners of organic fertilizer production enterprises can seize the opportunity to expand production scale and provide product quality! Contribute to the development of efficient and modern agriculture in China!