消防水泵是通过离心叶轮的自动旋转将能量传递给排水，进而**水的机械能和压力能，并把其传至自动灭火装置处，以达到各种各样自动灭火装置的用水量和压力需求，这是消防给水系统软件的心血管。现阶段，消防给水系统软件中采用的水泵多见离心水泵，由于该类水泵具备应用领域广、型号规格多、供电持续、可自由调整流量等优势。

　　这儿的消防水泵主要是指水灭火系统中的消防给水泵，如消防泵、稳压泵、消防安全转输泵等。

　　今日来跟大伙儿探讨一下“消防水泵的安装需求”的有关知识要点。

　　一、一般规定

　　1、消防水泵的特性应达到消防给水系统软件需要流量和负担的规定。

　　2、消防水泵所配驱动的输出功率应达到选定水泵流量水泵扬程特性曲线图上任意一点运作需要效率的标准。

　　3、当选用电机推动的消防水泵时，应选用电机干试组装的消防水泵。

　　4、消防水泵应干试组装，水泵应存放在蓄水池以外，不可以选用潜水泵立即置放在水中开展吸水。

　　5、流量水泵扬程特性曲线图应是无骆驼峰、无转折点的光洁曲线图，零流量时的工作压力不应超过设计工作工作压力的140%，且宜超过设计工作工作压力的120%。

　　6、当出流量为设计方案流量的150%时，其出口贸易工作压力不应小于设计工作工作压力的65%。7.泵轴的密封方式和资料应达到消防水泵在低流量时运行的需求。

　　8、消防给水同一泵组的消防水泵型号规格宜一致，且运行泵不能超出3台。

　　9、几台消防水泵并接时，应校对流量累加对消防水泵出入口工作压力的危害。

　　二、水泵设定规定

　　1、消防水泵的具体材料应合乎以下要求：水泵机壳宜为球墨铸件;离心叶轮宜为黄铜或不锈钢板。

　　2、消防水泵应采用自灌式吸水。

　　3、消防水泵从市政管网立即打水时，应在消防水泵出水口上安装有气体装修隔断的倒流防止器。

　　4、当吸水口处无吸水井时，吸水口处应设定旋流防止器

　　5、一组消防水泵，吸水管不应低于两根，当这其中一条毁坏或维修时，其他吸水管应仍能通过所有消防给水设计方案流量。

　　6、消防水泵吸水管布局应防止产生气襄，

　　7、一组消防水泵应设不少于两个的通水干管与消防给水配水管网联接，当这其中一条供水管道维修时，其它供水管道应仍能提供所有消防给水设计方案流量。

　　8、消防水泵吸水口的吞没深层应达到消防水泵在**水位运作安全的规定，吸水管底口在消防蓄水池*少合理水位线下的吞没深层应依据吸水管底口的水流速度和水力发电标准明确，但不应低于600mm，当选用旋流防止器时，吞没深层不应低于200mm。

　　9、消防水泵的吸水管上应设定消防闸阀或带自锁机构的碟阀，但当设定明杆闸阀时要配有打开标尺和标示;当管经超出DN300时，宜设定电动调节阀。

　　10、消防水泵的出水口应该设逆止阀、消防闸阀;当选用碟阀时，应含有自锁机构;当管经超过DN300时，宜设定电动调节阀。

　　11、消防水泵吸水管的孔径低于DN250时，其流动速度宜为1.0m/s～1.2m/s;孔径超过DN250时，宜为1.2m/s～1.6m/s。

　　12、消防水泵出水口的孔径低于DN250时，其流动速度宜为1.5m/s～2.0m/s;孔径超过DN250时，宜为2.0m/s～2.5m/s。

　　13、吸水井的布局应达到井内流水畅顺、流动速度匀称、不造成涡漩的规定，并应有利于安装施工。

　　14、消防水泵的吸水管、出水量管道穿越墙体时，应选用刚性防水套管;当穿越重生墙面和混凝土楼板时，防水套管长短不应低于墙体厚度，或应超出楼板或地板50mm。

　　15、消防水泵的吸水管穿越重生消防蓄水池时，应选用防水套管;选用防水套管时要在水泵吸水管上设定柔性接头，且管经不应超过DN150。

　　16、消防水泵吸水管可设定管路过滤器，管路过滤器的浸水总面积应超过管路焯水总面积的4倍，且直径不适合低于3mm。

　　三、柴油发动机消防水泵

　　1、柴油发动机消防水泵应选用压缩式打火型柴油发动机。

　　2、柴油发动机的额定电压应校对平均海拔和温度对柴油发动机输出功率的危害。

　　3、柴油发动机消防水泵应具有连续工作的特性，实验运行时间不应低于24h。

　　4、柴油发动机消防水泵的电瓶应确保消防水泵随时随地全自动启泵的规定。

　　5、柴油发动机消防水泵的供机油箱应依据火灾延续时间明确，且机油箱*少有效容积应按1.5L/kW配备，柴油发动机消防水泵机油箱内贮存的然料不应低于50%的储藏量。

　　四、备用泵设定

　　消防水泵应设定备用泵，其特性应与工作中泵特性一致，但以下工程建筑以外：

　　1)建筑密度低于54m的住房和户外消防给水设计方案流量不大于25L/s的工程建筑。

　　2)房间内消防给水设计方案流量不大于10L/s的工程建筑。

　　五、别的规定

　　1、一组消防水泵应在消防水泵屋内设定流量和稳定性测试设备，并应合乎以下要求：

　　1)每台消防给水泵的流量不得超过20L/s、设计工作压力不大于0.50MPa时，泵组应预埋精确测量用流量计和真空压力表插口，别的泵组宜设定泵组流量和稳定性测试设备。

　　2)消防水泵流量检测装置的计算精密度应是0.4级，**量程的75%应超过较大一台消防水泵设计方案流量值的175%。

　　3)消防水泵工作压力检测装置的计算精密度应是0.5级，**量程的75%应超过较大一台消防水泵设计压力值的165%。

　　4)每台消防水泵出水口应该设定DN65的试自来水管，并应采用排水管道对策。

　　2、消防水泵吸水管和出水口应该设定气压表，并应合乎以下要求：

　　1)消防水泵出水口气压表的**量程不应小于其设计工作工作压力的2倍，且不应小于1.60MPa。

　　2)消防水泵吸水管宜设定负压表、气压表或真空表，气压表的**量程应依据工程项目详细情况明确，但不应小于0.70MPa，负压表的**量程宜为-0.10MPa。

　　3)气压表的孔径不应低于100mm，应选用孔径不小于6mm的管路与消防水泵进出口贸易管相连，并应设定关闭闸阀。

　　六、水泵操纵规定

　　1、消防水泵控制箱应安装在消防水泵房或专用型消防水泵操纵房间内，消防水泵控制箱在平常应使消防水泵处在全自动启泵情况;当全自动水灭火系统为开启式系统软件，且设定自动启动确实有艰难时，经论述后消防水泵可安装在手动式运行情况，并应保证24h有人力值勤。

　　2、消防水泵不应设定全自动停泵的操纵作用，停泵应由具备管理员权限的管理人员依据火灾扑救状况明确。

　　3、消防水泵应保障从收到启泵数据信号到水泵正常运转的自动启动时长不应超过2min。

　　4、消防水泵控制箱应安装机械设备紧急启泵作用，并应确保在控制箱里的控制线路发生故障时由有管理员权限的工作人员在紧急情况时运行消防水泵。机械应急启动时，应保证消防水泵在报警后5.0min内正常工作。

　　5、消防水泵的两路开关电源自动切换时长不应超过2s;当一路开关电源与燃气轮机驱动力的转换时长不应超过15s。

　　6、消防水泵理应能手动式起停和自动启动。

　　7、消防水泵、消防稳压泵应设定就地强制性起停泵按键，并应该有保护设备。

　　8、当消防给水系统分区供电选用转输消防水泵时，转输泵宜在消防水泵运行后重新启动;当消防给水系统分区供电选用串连消防水泵时，上区消防水泵宜在下区消防水泵运行后重新启动。(选用消防水泵、转输储水箱串连系统软件时，从转输储水箱吸水的供水泵先运行，转输泵后运行;选用水泵立即串连系统软件时，转输泵先运行，供水泵后运行)

　　9、消防水泵控制箱设定在专用型消防水泵主控室时，其防水等级不应小于IP30;与消防水泵设定在同一区域时，其防水等级不应小于IP55。

　　10、消防水泵控制箱应采用避免被水淹没的对策。在持续高温潮湿环境下，消防水泵控制箱内要设定全自动防水去湿的设备。

　　11、消火栓按钮不能做为直接启动消防水泵的电源开关，但可做为传出报警系统的电源开关或运行干试消防喷淋系统的迅速开闭设备等。

　　七、水泵调节规定

　　1、以全自动直接启动或手动式直接启动消防水泵时，消防水泵应在55s内资金投入正常运行，且应无欠佳噪音和震动。

　　2、以预留电源切换方法或备用泵转换运行消防水泵时，消防水泵应各自在1min或2min内资金投入正常运行。

　　3、消防水泵组装后应开展当场功能测试，其特性应与生产厂商带来的数据信息相符合，并应达到消防给水设计方案流量和负担的规定。

　　4、消防水泵零流量时的工作压力不应超出设计工作工作压力的140%;当出流量为设计工作流量的150%时，其出口贸易工作压力不应小于设计工作工作压力的65%。

　　八、维护管理规定

　　1、每个月应手动式运行消防水泵运转一次，并应查验供电电源的状况。

　　2、每星期应仿真模拟消防水泵自动控制系统的标准自动启动消防水泵运行一次，且应自动记录自动巡检状况，每个月应检测记录。

　　3、每天解决柴油发动机消防水泵的启动电池的电能开展检验，每星期应查验储机油箱的储油量，每个月应手动式运行柴油发动机消防水泵运作一次。

　　4、每个季度解决消防水泵的出流量和负担开展一次实验。

　　The fire pump transfers the energy to the drainage through the automatic rotation of the centrifugal impeller, so as to improve the mechanical energy and pressure energy of the water, and transfer them to the automatic fire extinguishing device, so as to meet the water consumption and pressure requirements of various automatic fire extinguishing devices, which is the core of the fire water supply system software. At this stage, centrifugal pumps are often used in the fire water supply system software. Because these pumps have the advantages of wide application fields, many models and specifications, continuous power supply, free flow adjustment, etc.

　　The fire pump here mainly refers to the fire feed pump in the water fire extinguishing system, such as fire pump, stabilized pressure pump, fire safety transfer pump, etc.

　　Today, Preston culture and education will share with you the key points of "installation requirements of fire pump".

　　1、 General provisions

　　1. The characteristics of the fire water pump shall meet the requirements for the flow and burden of the fire water supply system software.

　　2. The output power of the drive equipped with the fire pump shall meet the standard of efficiency required for operation at any point on the characteristic curve of the selected pump flow and pump head.

　　3. When the motor-driven fire pump is selected, the dry test assembled fire pump shall be selected.

　　4. The fire pump shall be dry assembled. The pump shall be stored outside the reservoir. It is not allowed to use a submersible pump to immediately put it in the water to absorb water.

　　5. The head characteristic curve of flow pump shall be a smooth curve without camel peak and turning point. The working pressure at zero flow shall not exceed 140% of the design working pressure, and should exceed 120% of the design working pressure.

　　6. When the outlet flow is 150% of the design flow, the working pressure of the outlet trade shall not be less than 65% of the design working pressure. 7. the sealing mode and data of the pump shaft shall meet the requirements for the operation of the fire pump at low flow.

　　8. The models and specifications of fire water pumps of the same pump group for fire water supply should be consistent, and the number of operating pumps should not exceed 3.

　　9. When several fire pumps are connected in parallel, the harm of flow accumulation to the working pressure at the inlet and outlet of the fire pump shall be checked.

　　2、 Water pump setting regulations

　　1. The specific materials of the fire pump shall meet the following requirements: the pump casing should be nodular graphite casting; Centrifugal impeller should be brass or stainless steel plate.

　　2. The fire water pump shall adopt self filling suction.

　　3. When the fire pump immediately draws water from the municipal pipe network, a backflow preventer with gas decoration partition shall be installed on the outlet of the fire pump.

　　4. When there is no suction well at the suction port, a cyclone preventer shall be set at the suction port

　　5. For a group of fire water pumps, the number of suction pipes shall not be less than two. When one of these pipes is damaged or repaired, the other suction pipes shall still be able to pass through the flow of all fire water supply design schemes.

　　6. The layout of the suction pipe of the fire pump shall prevent the generation of air,

　　7. A group of fire water pumps shall be provided with at least two water main pipes to connect with the fire water supply and distribution pipe network. When one of the water supply pipes is repaired, the other water supply pipes shall still be able to provide the flow of all fire water supply design schemes.

　　8. The swallowing depth of the suction port of the fire pump shall meet the requirements for the safe operation of the fire pump at the lowest water level. The swallowing depth of the suction pipe bottom below the minimum reasonable water level of the fire reservoir shall be determined according to the water flow velocity at the suction pipe bottom and the hydraulic power generation standard, but shall not be less than 600mm. When the cyclone preventer is selected, the swallowing depth shall not be less than 200mm.

　　9. The suction pipe of the fire pump shall be provided with a fire gate valve or a butterfly valve with a self-locking mechanism, but when setting a rising stem gate valve, it shall be equipped with an opening scale and a mark; When the pipe diameter exceeds DN300, the electric control valve should be set.

　　10. The water outlet of fire pump shall be equipped with check valve and fire gate valve; When the butterfly valve is selected, the self-locking mechanism shall be included; When the pipe diameter exceeds DN300, the electric control valve should be set.

　　11. When the diameter of the suction pipe of the fire pump is lower than DN250, its flow speed should be 1.0m/s ~ 1.2m/s; When the aperture exceeds DN250, it should be 1.2m/s ~ 1.6m/s.

　　12. When the aperture of the fire pump outlet is lower than DN250, its flow speed should be 1.5m/s ~ 2.0m/s; When the aperture exceeds DN250, it should be 2.0m/s ~ 2.5m/s.

　　13. The layout of the suction well shall meet the requirements of smooth water flow in the well, uniform flow speed and no vortex, and shall be conducive to installation and construction.

　　14. When the suction pipe and water outlet pipe of the fire pump pass through the wall, the rigid waterproof casing shall be selected; When crossing the regenerated wall and concrete floor, the length of waterproof casing shall not be less than the wall thickness, or shall exceed the floor or floor by 50mm.

　　15. When the suction pipe of the fire pump crosses the regeneration fire reservoir, the waterproof casing shall be selected; When selecting waterproof casing, flexible joint shall be set on the water pump suction pipe, and the pipe diameter shall not exceed DN150.

　　16. The suction pipe of the fire pump can be set with a pipeline filter. The total immersion area of the pipeline filter should be more than 4 times of the total area of the pipeline, and the diameter should not be less than 3mm.

　　3、 Diesel engine fire water pump

　　1. The diesel engine fire pump shall be a compression ignition diesel engine.

　　2. The rated voltage of the diesel engine shall check the harm of the average altitude and temperature to the output power of the diesel engine.

　　3. The diesel engine fire water pump shall have the characteristics of continuous operation, and the test operation time shall not be less than 24h.

　　4. The battery of the diesel engine fire water pump shall ensure that the fire water pump can start automatically at any time.

　　5. The oil supply tank of the diesel engine fire pump shall be determined according to the fire duration, and the minimum effective volume of the oil tank shall be 1.5l/kw. The natural materials stored in the oil tank of the diesel engine fire pump shall not be less than 50% of the storage capacity.

　　4、 Standby pump setting

　　The fire pump shall be set with standby pump, and its characteristics shall be consistent with those of the pump in operation, except for the following engineering buildings:

　　1) For housing with building density lower than 54m and engineering buildings with flow not greater than 25l/s in the design scheme of outdoor fire water supply.

　　2) Engineering buildings with the design flow of fire water supply in the room not greater than 10l/s.

　　5、 Other provisions

　　1. A set of fire pump shall be equipped with flow and stability test equipment in the fire pump house, and shall meet the following requirements:

　　1) When the flow rate of each fire water supply pump shall not exceed 20l/s and the design working pressure shall not be greater than 0.50mpa, the pump set shall be embedded with a flowmeter and a vacuum pressure gauge socket for accurate measurement, and other pump sets shall be equipped with pump set flow and stability test equipment.

　　2) The calculation precision of the fire pump flow detection device shall be class 0.4, and 75% of the maximum range shall exceed 175% of the flow value in the design scheme of a larger fire pump.

　　3) The calculation precision of the working pressure detection device of the fire pump shall be grade 0.5, and 75% of the maximum range shall exceed 165% of the design pressure of the larger fire pump.

　　4) DN65 test water pipe shall be set at the outlet of each fire pump, and drainage pipe countermeasures shall be adopted.

　　2. The suction pipe and water outlet of the fire pump shall be equipped with a barometer, which shall meet the following requirements:

　　1) The maximum range of the air pressure gauge at the outlet of the fire pump shall not be less than 2 times of its design working pressure, and shall not be less than 1.60mpa.

　　2) The suction pipe of the fire pump should be set with a negative pressure gauge, barometer or vacuum gauge. The maximum range of the barometer should be determined according to the details of the project, but not less than 0.70mpa. The maximum range of the negative pressure gauge should be -0.10mpa.

　　3) The aperture of the barometer shall not be less than 100mm. The pipeline with the aperture not less than 6mm shall be selected to connect with the inlet and outlet trade pipes of the fire pump, and the closing gate valve shall be set.

　　6、 Pump operation regulations

　　1. The fire water pump control box shall be installed in the fire water pump room or the special fire water pump operation room. The fire water pump control box shall make the fire water pump in the fully automatic starting condition in normal times; When the full-automatic water fire extinguishing system is an open system software, and it is really difficult to set the automatic start, the fire pump can be installed in the manual operation after discussion, and it shall be ensured that there are human on duty for 24h.

　　2. The operation function of fully automatic pump shutdown shall not be set for the fire pump, and the pump shutdown shall be determined by the management personnel with administrator authority according to the fire fighting situation.

　　3. The fire pump shall ensure that the automatic start-up time from receiving the pump start data signal to the normal operation of the pump shall not exceed 2min.

　　4. The fire pump control box shall be installed with mechanical equipment for emergency pump starting, and it shall be ensured that in case of failure of the control line in the control box, the staff with administrator authority shall operate the fire pump in case of emergency. In case of mechanical emergency startup, the fire pump shall be ensured to work normally within 5.0min after the alarm.

　　5. The automatic switching duration of two-way switching power supply of fire pump shall not exceed 2S; The conversion time between one circuit of switching power supply and the driving force of gas turbine shall not exceed 15s.

　　6. The fire pump should be able to start and stop manually and start automatically.

　　7. The fire pump and fire stabilized pressure pump shall be set with local mandatory start and stop buttons, and shall be equipped with protection equipment.

　　8. When the transfer fire pump is selected for the partition power supply of the fire water supply system, the transfer pump should be restarted after the operation of the fire pump; When the fire water supply system is powered by a series of fire pumps, the fire pump in the upper area should be restarted after the fire pump in the lower area operates. (when the fire water pump and transfer water storage tank are selected to connect the system software in series, the water supply pump that absorbs water from the transfer water storage tank operates first, and the transfer pump operates later; when the water pump is selected to connect the system software in series immediately, the transfer pump operates first, and the water supply pump operates later)

　　9. When the fire pump control box is set in the special fire pump main control room, its waterproof grade shall not be less than IP30; When it is set in the same area as the fire pump, its waterproof grade shall not be less than IP55.

　　10. The fire pump control box shall adopt measures to avoid flooding. Under the continuous high temperature and humidity environment, the fire pump control box shall be equipped with full-automatic waterproof and dehumidification equipment.

　　11. The fire hydrant button can not be used as the power switch for directly starting the fire pump, but can be used as the power switch for sending out the alarm system or the quick opening and closing equipment for running the dry test fire sprinkler system.

　　7、 Regulation of water pump

　　1. When the fire pump is directly started by full-automatic or manual mode, the fire pump shall be put into normal operation within 55s, and there shall be no poor noise and vibration.

　　2. When the reserved power supply switching method or the standby pump is used to switch the fire water pump, the fire water pump shall be put into normal operation within 1min or 2min respectively.

　　3. After the fire pump is assembled, the on-site function test shall be carried out, and its characteristics shall be consistent with the data information brought by the manufacturer, and shall meet the flow and burden requirements of the fire water supply design scheme.

　　4. The working pressure of the fire pump at zero flow shall not exceed 140% of the design working pressure; When the outlet flow is 150% of the design working flow, the outlet trade working pressure shall not be less than 65% of the design working pressure.

　　8、 Maintenance management regulations

　　1. The fire pump shall be operated manually once a month, and the status of power supply shall be checked.

　　2. It shall simulate the standard automatic start-up of the automatic control system of the fire pump once a week, and automatically record the automatic patrol inspection status, and test the records every month.

　　3. Check the electric energy of the starting battery of the diesel engine fire pump every day, check the oil storage capacity of the oil storage tank every week, and manually run the diesel engine fire pump once a month.

　　4. Carry out an experiment every quarter to solve the discharge and burden of the fire pump.